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<div style="text-align: center; margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;">$$ | <div style="text-align: center; margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;">$$ SU(3) \text{ (color)} \times SU(2) \text{ (weak isospin)} \times U(1) \text{ (weak hypercharge)}$$</div> | ||
Which breaks down to \( | Which breaks down to \(SU(3) \times U(1)\), where the broken \(U(1)\) is the electromagnetic symmetry. This equation is also a curvature equation—the corresponding equation—and it says that this time, the curvature of an auxiliary structure known as a gauge potential, when differentiated in a particular way is equal, again, to the amount of stuff in the system that is not directly involved in the left-hand side of the equation. So it has many similarities to the above equation, both involve curvature. One involves a projection, or a series of projections. The other involves a differential operator. | ||